Dr. Joy Onyinyechi Ekwoaba is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Employment Relations & Human Resource Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Lagos. Qualifications: B.Sc Political Science (Lagos), M.Sc. Industrial Relations and Personnel Management (Lagos), M.Sc. Peace and Conflict Resolution and Ph.D. Industrial Relations and Personnel Management (Lagos).. Research interests: Compensation and Compensation Management; Human Resource Management policies and Practices; Conflict Management and Resolutions, Comparative Human Resource management, Employment Relations, Trade Unions and Union activities; Organisational Development and Organisatioanl behaviours; Entrepreneurship and growth of businesses etc.